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储能钠电池技术发展的挑战与思考

胡英瑛,吴相伟,温兆银,侯明,衣宝廉

《中国工程科学》 2021年 第23卷 第5期   页码 94-102 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.05.013

摘要：

储能安全是国家能源安全的重要方面，是国民经济发展的重要支撑，对国家安全、可持续发展以及社会稳定具有重要的影响。钠电池技术兼具高功率密度、高能量密度、低成本以及高安全性等优势，成为一类重要的大规模储能技术。本文重点介绍了包括钠硫电池和钠– 金属氯化物电池等在内的典型钠电池体系的技术优势和应用场景，并通过分析钠电池技术在国内外的发展与应用现状提出了我国钠电池技术可能的发展方向并给出了相应的建议，包括支持储能钠电池相关材料科学的研究和工程化技术攻关、推动储能钠电池相关上下游产业的聚集发展、建立健全储能钠电池的相关标准和性能评价平台等措施，以提升我国储能钠电池技术的研发水平和技术成熟度，为我国的能源安全建设带来新的可靠选择。

关键词： 电化学储能     钠电池     钠硫电池     钠– 金属氯化物电池     ZEBRA 电池    

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A smooth co-ordination control for a hybrid autonomous power system (HAPS) with battery energy storage

C. K. ARAVIND,G. SARAVANA ILANGO,C. NAGAMANI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 31-42 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0347-9

摘要： The standalone hybrid power system constitutes a synchronous generator driven by a diesel engine, renewable energy source (wind) apart from a battery energy storage system. A coherent control strategy to regulate the voltage and frequency of the standalone grid is proposed in this paper. The system is simulated using Matlab/Simulink for preliminary validation and further tested on a laboratory prototype which involves a TMS320LF2407A DSP controller to digitally implement the control strategy. The dynamic behavior of the system is perused through the direct connection of an induction machine. The control strategy is verified for step changes in load and variation in wind power.

关键词： standalone hybrid power system     battery energy storage system (BESS)     power conversion    

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Performance of iron-air battery with iron nanoparticle-encapsulated C–N composite electrode

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0913-5

摘要： Highly efficient and stable iron electrodes are of great significant to the development of iron-air battery (IAB). In this paper, iron nanoparticle-encapsulated C–N composite (NanoFe@CN) was synthesized by pyrolysis using polyaniline as the C–N source. Electrochemical performance of the NanoFe@CN in different electrolytes (alkaline, neutral, and quasi-neutral) was investigated via cyclic voltammetry (CV). The IAB was assembled with NanoFe@CN as the anode and IrO2 + Pt/C as the cathode. The effects of different discharging/charging current densities and electrolytes on the battery performance were also studied. Neutral K2SO4 electrolyte can effectively suppress the passivation of iron electrode, and the battery showed a good cycling stability during 180 charging/discharging cycles. Compared to the pure nano-iron (NanoFe) battery, the NanoFe@CN battery has a more stable cycling stability either in KOH or NH4Cl + KCl electrolyte.

关键词： energy storage and conversion     metallic composites     nanocomposites     iron-air battery     iron anode    

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电动自行车用锌空气动力电池

朱梅,徐献芝,杨基明

《中国工程科学》 2006年 第8卷 第11期   页码 99-102

摘要：

介绍了可用于替代铅酸电池的一种锌空气动力电池，在技术上实现了大容量，小体积，结构合理。主要的突破体现在空气电极和锌电极的特殊设计，以及单电池的合理组装。比较了该动力电池与同类产品的技术指标。

关键词： 电动自行车     铅酸电池     锌空气电池     动力电池     容量    

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用于固定式大规模储能的液流电池

尹彦斌, 李先锋

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第21卷 第2期   页码 42-44 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.10.007

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钠离子电池——碳中和世界的储能技术

吴凯, Xinwei Dou, 张欣欣, 欧阳楚英

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第21卷 第2期   页码 36-38 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.04.011

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Preparation and lithium storage performances of g-C

Zhengxu BIAN, Zehua TANG, Jinfeng XIE, Junhao ZHANG, Xingmei GUO, Yuanjun LIU, Aihua YUAN, Feng ZHANG, Qinghong KONG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 759-766 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0810-0

摘要： As the anode material of lithium-ion battery, silicon-based materials have a high theoretical capacity, but their volume changes greatly in the charging and discharging process. To ameliorate the volume expansion issue of silicon-based anode materials, g-C N /Si nanocomposites are prepared by using the magnesium thermal reduction technique. It is well known that g-C N /Si nanocomposites can not only improve the electronic transmission ability, but also ameliorate the physical properties of the material for adapting the stress and strain caused by the volume expansion of silicon in the lithiation and delithiation process. When g-C N /Si electrode is evaluated, the initial discharge capacity of g-C N /Si nanocomposites is as high as 1033.3 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g, and its reversible capacity is maintained at 548 mAh/g after 400 cycles. Meanwhile, the improved rate capability is achieved with a relatively high reversible specific capacity of 218 mAh/g at 2.0 A/g. The superior lithium storage performances benefit from the unique g-C N /Si nanostructure, which improves electroconductivity, reduces volume expansion, and accelerates lithium-ion transmission compared to pure silicon.

关键词： magnesium thermal reduction     g-C3N4/Si nanocomposites     volume expansion     electroconductivity     lithium-ion battery    

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A brief review on key technologies in the battery management system of electric vehicles

Kailong LIU, Kang LI, Qiao PENG, Cheng ZHANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第14卷 第1期   页码 47-64 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0516-8

摘要： Batteries have been widely applied in many high-power applications, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles, where a suitable battery management system (BMS) is vital in ensuring safe and reliable operation of batteries. This paper aims to give a brief review on several key technologies of BMS, including battery modelling, state estimation and battery charging. First, popular battery types used in EVs are surveyed, followed by the introduction of key technologies used in BMS. Various battery models, including the electric model, thermal model and coupled electro-thermal model are reviewed. Then, battery state estimations for the state of charge, state of health and internal temperature are comprehensively surveyed. Finally, several key and traditional battery charging approaches with associated optimization methods are discussed.

关键词： battery management system     battery modelling     battery state estimation     battery charging    

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Optimal operation of microgrid using hybrid differential evolution and harmony search algorithm

S. SURENDER REDDY,Jae Young PARK,Chan Mook JUNG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 355-362 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0414-x

摘要： This paper proposes the generation scheduling approach for a microgrid comprised of conventional generators, wind energy generators, solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, battery storage, and electric vehicles. The electrical vehicles (EVs) play two different roles: as load demands during charging, and as storage units to supply energy to remaining load demands in the MG when they are plugged into the microgrid (MG). Wind and solar PV powers are intermittent in nature; hence by including the battery storage and EVs, the MG becomes more stable. Here, the total cost objective is minimized considering the cost of conventional generators, wind generators, solar PV systems and EVs. The proposed optimal scheduling problem is solved using the hybrid differential evolution and harmony search (hybrid DE-HS) algorithm including the wind energy generators and solar PV system along with the battery storage and EVs. Moreover, it requires the least investment.

关键词： battery storage     electric vehicles (EVs)     microgrid (MG)     optimal scheduling     solar photovoltaic (PV) system     wind energy conversion system    

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Redox flow batteries—Concepts and chemistries for cost-effective energy storage

Matthäa Verena HOLLAND-CUNZ, Faye CORDING, Jochen FRIEDL, Ulrich STIMMING

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第2期   页码 198-224 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0552-4

摘要： Electrochemical energy storage is one of the few options to store the energy from intermittent renewable energy sources like wind and solar. Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are such an energy storage system, which has favorable features over other battery technologies, e.g. solid state batteries, due to their inherent safety and the independent scaling of energy and power content. However, because of their low energy-density, low power-density, and the cost of components such as redox species and membranes, commercialised RFB systems like the all-vanadium chemistry cannot make full use of the inherent advantages over other systems. In principle, there are three pathways to improve RFBs and to make them viable for large scale application: First, to employ electrolytes with higher energy density. This goal can be achieved by increasing the concentration of redox species, employing redox species that store more than one electron or by increasing the cell voltage. Second, to enhance the power output of the battery cells by using high kinetic redox species, increasing the cell voltage, implementing novel cell designs or membranes with lower resistance. The first two means reduce the electrode surface area needed to supply a certain power output, thereby bringing down costs for expensive components such as membranes. Third, to reduce the costs of single or multiple components such as redox species or membranes. To achieve these objectives it is necessary to develop new battery chemistries and cell configurations. In this review, a comparison of promising cell chemistries is focused on, be they all-liquid, slurries or hybrids combining liquid, gas and solid phases. The aim is to elucidate which redox-system is most favorable in terms of energy-density, power-density and capital cost. Besides, the choice of solvent and the selection of an inorganic or organic redox couples with the entailing consequences are discussed.

关键词： electrochemical energy storage     redox flow battery     vanadium    

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Mapping the trends and prospects of battery cathode materials based on patent landscape

《能源前沿（英文）》   页码 822-832 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0900-x

摘要： Advancing portable electronics and electric vehicles is heavily dependent on the cutting-edge lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery technology, which is closely linked to the properties of cathode materials. Identifying trends and prospects of cathode materials based on patent analysis is considered a kernel to optimize and refine battery related markets. In this paper, a patent analysis is performed on 6 popular cathode materials by comprehensively considering performance comparison, development trend, annual installed capacity, technology life cycle, and distribution among regions and patent assignees. In the technology life cycle, the cathode materials majorly used in electric vehicle have entered maturity stage, while the lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) cathode that is widely used in portable electronics is still in the growth stage. In global patent distributions, China holds more than 50% of total patents. In the top 10 patent assignees of 6 cathode materials, 2 institutes are from China with the rest being Japan (6) and Republic of Korea (2), indicating that the technology of cathode materials in China is relatively scattered while cathode research is highly concentrated in Japan and Republic of Korea. Moreover, the patent distribution has to consider practical issues as well as the impacts of core patents. For example, the high cost discourages the intention of applying international patents. This paper is expected to stimulate battery research, understand technical layout of various countries, and probably forecast innovative technology breakthroughs.

关键词： patent analysis     cathode     batteries     technology life cycle    

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Powertrain control of a solar photovoltaic-battery powered hybrid electric vehicle

P. PADMAGIRISAN, V. SANKARANARAYANAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 296-306 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0605-8

摘要： This paper proposes a powertrain controller for a solar photovoltaic battery powered hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). The main objective of the proposed controller is to ensure better battery management, load regulation, and maximum power extraction whenever possible from the photovoltaic panels. The powertrain controller consists of two levels of controllers named lower level controllers and a high-level control algorithm. The lower level controllers are designed to perform individual tasks such as maximum power point tracking, battery charging, and load regulation. The perturb and observe based maximum power point tracking algorithm is used for extracting maximum power from solar photovoltaic panels while the battery charging controller is designed using a PI controller. A high-level control algorithm is then designed to switch between the lower level controllers based on different operating conditions such as high state of charge, low state of charge, maximum battery current, and heavy load by respecting the constraints formulated. The developed algorithm is evaluated using theoretical simulation and experimental studies. The simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the proposed technique.

关键词： battery management system     hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs)     maximum power point tracking (MPPT)     solar photovoltaic    

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Energy storage resources management: Planning, operation, and business model

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 373-391 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0194-4

摘要： With the acceleration of supply-side renewable energy penetration rate and the increasingly diversified and complex demand-side loads, how to maintain the stable, reliable, and efficient operation of the power system has become a challenging issue requiring investigation. One of the feasible solutions is deploying the energy storage system (ESS) to integrate with the energy system to stabilize it. However, considering the costs and the input/output characteristics of ESS, both the initial configuration process and the actual operation process require efficient management. This study presents a comprehensive review of managing ESS from the perspectives of planning, operation, and business model. First of all, in terms of planning and configuration, it is investigated from capacity planning, location planning, as well as capacity and location combined planning. This process is generally the first step in deploying ESS. Then, it explores operation management of ESS from the perspectives of state assessment and operation optimization. The so-called state assessment refers to the assessment of three aspects: The state of charge (SOC), the state of health (SOH), and the remaining useful life (RUL). The operation optimization includes ESS operation strategy optimization and joint operation optimization. Finally, it discusses the business models of ESS. Traditional business models involve ancillary services and load transfer, while emerging business models include electric vehicle (EV) as energy storage and shared energy storage.

关键词： energy storage system     energy storage resources management     planning configuration     operational management     business model    

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Modeling and optimization of an enhanced battery thermal management system in electric vehicles

Mao LI, Yuanzhi LIU, Xiaobang WANG, Jie ZHANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第14卷 第1期   页码 65-75 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0520-z

摘要： This paper models and optimizes an air-based battery thermal management system (BTMS) in a battery module with 36 battery lithium-ion cells. A design of experiments is performed to study the effects of three key parameters (i.e., mass flow rate of cooling air, heat flux from the battery cell to the cooling air, and passage spacing size) on the battery thermal performance. Three metrics are used to evaluate the BTMS thermal performance, including (i) the maximum temperature in the battery module, (ii) the temperature uniformity in the battery module, and (iii) the pressure drop. It is found that (i) increasing the total mass flow rate may result in a more non-uniform distribution of the passage mass flow rate among passages, and (ii) a large passage spacing size may worsen the temperature uniformity on the battery walls. Optimization is also performed to optimize the passage spacing size. Results show that the maximum temperature difference of the cooling air in passages is reduced from 23.9 to 2.1 K by 91.2%, and the maximum temperature difference among the battery cells is reduced from 25.7 to 6.4 K by 75.1%.

关键词： thermal management     electric vehicle     lithium-ion battery     temperature uniformity     design optimization    

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Lithium-based draw solute for forward osmosis to treat wastewater discharged from lithium-ion battery

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 755-763 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2137-3

摘要： As draw solute is the core element of forward osmosis (FO) technology, here Li-Bet-Tf2N synthesized from a customized ionic liquid betainium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Hbet][Tf2N]) and Li2CO3 recovered from lithium-ion battery (LIB) wastes is proposed as a novel draw solute to treat Li+-containing wastewater from LIB manufacturing through FO filtration. Having high dissociation ability and an extended structure, Li-Bet-Tf2N generates a sufficiently high osmotic pressure to drive the FO filtration efficiently along with insignificant reverse solute diffusion. Li-Bet-Tf2N produces a water flux of 21.3 L·(m2·h)−1 at 1.0 mol∙L–1 against deionized water, surpassing conventional NaCl and MgCl2 draw solutes with a higher water recovery efficiency and a smaller solute loss. Li-Bet-Tf2N induces a more stable and higher water permeation flux with a 10.0% water flux decline than NaCl and MgCl2 for which the water fluxes decline 16.7% and 16.4%, respectively, during the treatment of 2000 mg∙L–1 Li+-containing wastewater for 12 h. More remarkably, unlike other draw solutes which require intensive energy input and complicated processes in recycling, Li-Bet-Tf2N is easily separated from water via solvent extraction. Reproducible results are achieved with the recycled Li-Bet-Tf2N. Li-Bet-Tf2N thus demonstrates a novel class of draw solute with great potentials to treat wastewater economically.

关键词： forward osmosis     lithium-ion battery     draw solution     lithium-containing wastewater     water treatment    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

储能钠电池技术发展的挑战与思考

胡英瑛,吴相伟,温兆银,侯明,衣宝廉

期刊论文

A smooth co-ordination control for a hybrid autonomous power system (HAPS) with battery energy storage

C. K. ARAVIND,G. SARAVANA ILANGO,C. NAGAMANI

期刊论文

Performance of iron-air battery with iron nanoparticle-encapsulated C–N composite electrode

期刊论文

电动自行车用锌空气动力电池

朱梅,徐献芝,杨基明

期刊论文

用于固定式大规模储能的液流电池

尹彦斌, 李先锋

期刊论文

钠离子电池——碳中和世界的储能技术

吴凯, Xinwei Dou, 张欣欣, 欧阳楚英

期刊论文

Preparation and lithium storage performances of g-C

Zhengxu BIAN, Zehua TANG, Jinfeng XIE, Junhao ZHANG, Xingmei GUO, Yuanjun LIU, Aihua YUAN, Feng ZHANG, Qinghong KONG

期刊论文

A brief review on key technologies in the battery management system of electric vehicles

Kailong LIU, Kang LI, Qiao PENG, Cheng ZHANG

期刊论文

Optimal operation of microgrid using hybrid differential evolution and harmony search algorithm

S. SURENDER REDDY,Jae Young PARK,Chan Mook JUNG

期刊论文

Redox flow batteries—Concepts and chemistries for cost-effective energy storage

Matthäa Verena HOLLAND-CUNZ, Faye CORDING, Jochen FRIEDL, Ulrich STIMMING

期刊论文

Mapping the trends and prospects of battery cathode materials based on patent landscape

期刊论文

Powertrain control of a solar photovoltaic-battery powered hybrid electric vehicle

P. PADMAGIRISAN, V. SANKARANARAYANAN

期刊论文

Energy storage resources management: Planning, operation, and business model

期刊论文

Modeling and optimization of an enhanced battery thermal management system in electric vehicles

Mao LI, Yuanzhi LIU, Xiaobang WANG, Jie ZHANG

期刊论文

Lithium-based draw solute for forward osmosis to treat wastewater discharged from lithium-ion battery

期刊论文